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Question and Answer Icon  Special Characters in Names

"My Awards Go Jingle, Jangle, Jingle ..." -- Master Gerhardt von Nordflammen

The data here is designed to give options for special characters (diacritials, ligatures, and more) used in names. The difficulty is that for years the computer world took a lot of time to catch up and become more flexible in allowing a lot of what is used in the real world. In order to to help, Da'ud ibn Auda created an encoding scheme using curly braces to signify some of the characters. If you see these (in the list below -- the fifth column), you can find them and then figure out how to enter them into an HTML form, or a Word document or whatever.

Ways to use these:

The following is based on this document: Da'ud Notation and this document: Non-ASCII Symbols in the SCA Armorial Database.

[A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [I] [J] [K] [L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [Q] [R] [S] [T] [U] [V] [W] [X] [Y] [Z] [Greek]

Character Name/Description ASCII/ANSI Code HTML Entity Da'ud Encoding
Letter Group: A
À A (accent) grave 0192 À {'A}
à a (accent) grave 0224 à {'a}
Á A (accent) acute 0193 Á {A'}
á a (accent) acute 0225 á {a'}
 A circumflex (A with a 'hat') 0194  {A^}
â a circumflex (a with a 'hat') 0226 â {a^}
à A with a tilde 0195 à {A~}
ã a with a tilde 0227 ã {a~}
Ä A with an umlaut (diaeresis) 0196 Ä {A:}
ä a with an umlaut (diaeresis) 0228 ä {a:}
Å A with a small ring (circle) above it 0197 Å {Ao}
å a with a small ring (circle) above it 0229 å {ao}
Ą A ogonek (hook at bottom) 0260 Ą {A,}
ą a ogonek (hook at bottom) 0261 ą {a,}
Ā A macron (line above the 'A') 0256 Ā {A-}
ā a macron (line above the 'a') 0257 ā {a-}
Æ AE ligature (combine the A and E) 0198 Æ {AE}
æ ae ligature (combine the a and e) 0230 æ {ae}
Ǣ AE ligature with macron (line above) 0482 Ǣ {AE-}
ǣ ae ligature with macron (line above) 0483 ǣ {ae-}
Ǽ AE ligature with (accent) acute 0508 Ǽ {AE'}
ǽ ae ligature with (accent) acute 0509 ǽ {ae'}
Ă A breve 0258 Ă {Au}
ă a breve 0259 ă {au}
Ǎ A caron (upside down 'hat') 0461 Ǎ {Av}
ǎ a caron (upside down 'hat') 0462 ǎ {av}
Ȁ A double (accent) grave 0512 Ȁ {''A}
ȁ a double (accent) grave 0513 ȁ {''a}
Ȃ A inverted breve 0514 Ȃ {An}
ȃ a inverted breve 0515 ȃ {an}
Ạ A with dot below Ạ {A.}
ạ a with dot below ạ {a.}
Letter Group: B
Ƃ B with a topbar 0386 Ƃ {B-}
ƃ b with a topbar 0387 ƃ {b-}
ƀ b with a stroke (line through it) 0384 ƀ {b/}
Ḅ B with dot below Ḅ {B.}
ḅ b with dot below ḅ {b.}
Ḇ B with line below Ḇ {B_}
ḇ b with line below ḇ {b_}
Letter Group: C
Ć C (accent) acute 0262 Ć {C'}
ć c (accent) acute 0263 ć {c'}
Ç C cedilla (small hook at bottom) 0199 Ç {C,}
ç c cedilla (small hook at bottom) 0231 ç {c,}
Č C caron (upside down 'hat') 0268 Č {Cv}
č c caron (upside down 'hat') 0269 č {cv}
Ĉ C circumflex (C with a 'hat') 0264 Ĉ {C^}
ĉ c circumflex (c with a 'hat') 0265 ĉ {c^}
Letter Group: D
Ď D caron (upside down 'hat') 0270 Ď {Dv}
ď d caron (upside down 'hat') 0271 ď {dv}
Đ D stroke (with a line through it) 0272 Đ {D/}
đ d stroke (with a line through it) 0273 đ {d/}
Ƌ D with a topbar 0395 Ƌ {D-}
ƌ d with a topbar 0396 ƌ {d-}
Ḍ D with dot below Ḍ {D.}
ḍ d with dot below ḍ {d.}
Ḏ D with line below Ḏ {D_}
ḏ d with line below ḏ {d_}
Ḑ D cedilla (small hook at bottom) Ḑ {D,}
ḑ d cedilla (small hook at bottom) ḑ {d,}
🆐 Letter Dj 🆐 {Dj}
🆐 Letter dj (may not be available) 🆐 {dj}
🆐 Letter DJ with underline (may not be available) 🆐 {Dj_}
🆐 Letter dj with underline (may not be available) 🆐 {dj_}
Letter Group: E
È E (accent) grave 0200 È {'E}
è e (accent) grave 0232 è {'e}
É E (accent) acute 0201 É {E'}
é e (accent) acute 0233 é {e'}
Ê E circumflex (E with a 'hat') 0202 Ê {E^}
ê e circumflex (e with a 'hat') 0234 ê {e^}
Ë E with an umlaut (diaeresis) 0203 Ë {E:}
ë e with an umlaut (diaeresis) 0235 ë {e:}
Ę E ogonek (hook at bottom) 0280 Ę {E,}
ę e ogonek (hook at bottom) 0281 ę {e,}
Ē E macron (line above the 'E') 0274 Ē {E-}
ē e macron (line above the 'e') 0275 ē {e-}
Ĕ E breve 0276 Ĕ {Eu}
ĕ e breve 0277 ĕ {eu}
Ě E caron (upside down 'hat') 0282 Ě {Ev}
ě e caron (upside down 'hat') 0283 ě {ev}
Ȅ E double (accent) grave 0516 Ȅ {''E}
ȅ e double (accent) grave 0517 ȅ {''e}
Ȇ E inverted breve 0518 Ȇ {En}
ȇ e inverted breve 0519 ȇ {en}
Ẽ E with a tilde Ẽ {E~}
ẽ e with a tilde ẽ {e~}
Ė E with dot above 0278 Ė {.E}
ė e with dot above 0279 ė {.e}
Ẹ E with dot below Ẹ {E.}
ẹ e with dot below ẹ {e.}
Letter Group: F
ff ff ligature (combine two 'f's into one character) ff {ff}
fi fi ligature (combine f and i into one character) fi {fi}
fl fl ligature (combine f and l into one character) fl {fl}
Letter Group: G
Ĝ G circumflex (G with a 'hat') 0284 Ĝ {G^}
ĝ g circumflex (g with a 'hat') 0285 ĝ {g^}
Ğ G breve 0286 Ğ {Gu}
ğ g breve 0287 ğ {gu}
Ģ G cedilla (hook at bottom) 0290 Ģ {G,}
ģ g cedilla (hook at top(??)) 0291 ģ {g,}
Ǥ G with a stroke (line through it) 0484 Ǥ {G/}
ǥ g with a stroke (line through it) 0485 ǥ {g/}
Ǧ G caron (upside down 'hat') 0486 Ǧ {Gv}
ǧ g caron (upside down 'hat') 0487 ǧ {gv}
Ǵ G (accent) acute 0500 Ǵ {G'}
ǵ g (accent) acute 0501 ǵ {g'}
Ḡ G with macron (line above) Ḡ {G-}
ḡ g with macron (line above) ḡ {g-}
Letter Group: H
Ĥ H circumflex (H with a 'hat') 0292 Ĥ {H^}
ĥ h circumflex (h with a 'hat') 0293 ĥ {h^}
Ħ H stroke (with a line through it) 0294 Ħ {H/}
ħ h stroke (with a line through it) 0295 ħ {h/}
Ḥ H with dot below Ḥ {H.}
ḥ h with dot below ḥ {h.}
Ḧ H with umlaut (diaeresis) Ḧ {H:}
ḧ h with umlaut (diaeresis) ḧ {h:}
Ḩ H with cedilla (hook at bottom) Ḩ {H,}
ḩ h with cedilla (hook at bottom) ḩ {h,}
ẖ h with line below ẖ {h_}
Letter Group: I
Ì I (accent) grave 0204 Ì {'I}
ì i (accent) grave 0236 ì {'i}
Í I (accent) acute 0205 Í {I'}
í i (accent) acute 0237 í {i'}
Î I circumflex (I with a 'hat') 0206 Î {I^}
î i circumflex (i with a 'hat') 0238 î {i^}
Ï I with an umluat (diaeresis) 0207 Ï {I:}
ï i with an umlaut (diaeresis) 0239 ï {i:}
Ī I macron (line above the 'I') 0298 Ī {I-}
ī i macron (line above the 'i') 0299 ī {i-}
Ĩ I with a tilde 0296 Ĩ {I~}
ĩ i with a tilde 0297 ĩ {i~}
Ĭ I breve 0300 Ĭ {Iu}
ĭ i breve 0301 ĭ {iu}
Į I ogonek (hook at bottom) 0302 Į {I,}
į i ogonek (hook at bottom) 0303 į {i,}
İ Capital I with dot 0304 İ {.I}
ı Small i without dot 0305 ı {i}
IJ IJ ligature (combine the I and J) 0306 IJ {IJ}
ij ij ligature (combine the i and j) 0307 ij {ij}
Ɨ I with stroke (line through it) 0407 Ɨ {I/}
ɨ i with stroke (line through it) 0616 ɨ {i/}
Ǐ I caron (upside down 'hat') 0463 Ǐ {Iv}
ǐ i caron (upside down 'hat') 0464 ǐ {iv}
Ȉ I double (accent) grave 0520 Ȉ {''I}
ȉ i double (accent) grave 0521 ȉ {''i}
Ȋ I inverted breve 0522 Ȋ {In}
ȋ i inverted breve 0523 ȋ {in}
Ị I with dot below Ị {I.}
ị i with dot below ị {i.}
Letter Group: J
Ĵ J circumflex (with a 'hat') 0308 Ĵ {J^}
ĵ j circumflex (with a 'hat') 0309 ĵ {j^}
ǰ j with caron (upside down 'hat') 0496 ǰ {jv}
Letter Group: K
Ķ K cedilla (hook at the bottom) 0310 Ķ {K,}
ķ k cedilla (with a hook at the bottom) 0311 ķ {k,}
Ǩ K with caron (upside down 'hat') 0488 Ǩ {Kv}
ǩ k with caron (upside down 'hat') 0489 ǩ {kv}
Ḱ K (accent) acute Ḱ {K'}
ḱ k (accent) acute ḱ {k'}
Ḳ K with dot below Ḳ {K.}
ḳ k with dot below ḳ {k.}
Ḵ K with line below Ḵ {K_}
ḵ k with line below ḵ {k_}
Letter Group: L
Ł L with stroke (line through it) 0321 Ł {L/}
ł l with stroke (line through it) 0322 ł {l/}
Ĺ L (accent) acute 0313 Ĺ {L'}
ĺ l (accent) acute 0314 ĺ {l'}
Ļ L cedilla (hook at bottom) 0315 Ļ {L,}
ļ l cedilla (hook at bottom) 0316 ļ {l,}
Ľ L with caron 0317 Ľ {Lv}
ľ l with caron 0318 ľ {lv}
Ḷ L with dot below Ḷ {L.}
ḷ l with dot below ḷ {l.}
Ḻ L with line below Ḻ {L_}
ḻ l with line below ḻ {l_}
Letter Group: M
Ḿ M (accent) acute Ḿ {M'}
ḿ m (accent) acute ḿ {m'}
Ṃ M with dot below Ṃ {M.}
ṃ m with dot below ṃ {m.}
Letter Group: N
Ń N (accent) acute 0323 Ń {N'}
ń n (accent) acute 0324 ń {n'}
Ņ N cedilla (hook at bottom) 0325 Ņ {N,}
ņ n cedilla (hook at bottom) 0326 ņ {n,}
Ň N caron (upside down 'hat') 0327 Ň {Nv}
ň n caron (upside down 'hat') 0328 ň {nv}
Ñ N with a tilde 0209 Ñ {N~}
ñ n with a tilde 0241 ñ {n~}
Ṇ N with dot below Ṇ {N.}
ṇ n with dot below ṇ {n.}
Ṉ N with line below Ṉ {N_}
ṉ n with line below ṉ {n_}
Ŋ Capital Eng 0330 Ŋ {Ng}
ŋ Small eng 0331 ŋ {ng}
Letter Group: O
Ò O (accent) grave 0210 Ò {'O}
ò o (accent) grave 0242 ò {'o}
Ó O (accent) acute 0211 Ó {O'}
ó o (accent) acute 0243 ó {o'}
Ô O circumflex (O with a 'hat') 0212 Ô {O^}
ô o circumflex (o with a 'hat') 0244 ô {o^}
Õ O with a tilde 0213 Õ {O~}
õ o with a tilde 0245 õ {o~}
Ö O with an umlaut (diaeresis) 0214 Ö {O:}
ö o with an umlaut (diaeresis) 0246 ö {o:}
ΠOE ligature (combine O and E) 0338 Π{OE}
œ oe ligature (combine o and e) 0339 œ {oe}
Ǫ O ogonek (hook at bottom) 0490 Ǫ {O,}
ǫ o ogonek (hook at bottom) 0491 ǫ {o,}
Ō O macron (line above the 'O') 0332 Ō {O-}
ō o macron (line above the 'o') 0333 ō {o-}
Ø O with a slash through it 0216 Ø {O/}
ø o with a slash through it 0248 ø {o/}
Ŏ O breve 0334 Ŏ {Ou}
ŏ o breve 0335 ŏ {ou}
Ő O double (accent) acute 0336 Ő {O}
ő o double (accent) acute 0337 ő {o}
Ǒ O with caron (upside down 'hat') 0465 Ǒ {Ov}
ǒ o with caron (upside down 'hat') 0466 ǒ {ov}
Ȍ O double (accent) grave 0524 Ȍ {''O}
ȍ o double (accent) grave 0525 ȍ {''o}
Ȏ O inverted breve 0526 Ȏ {On}
ȏ o inverted breve 0527 ȏ {on}
Ọ O with dot below Ọ {O.}
ọ o with dot below ọ {o.}
Letter Group: P
Ṕ P (accent) acute Ṕ {P'}
ṕ p (accent) acute ṕ {p'}
Letter Group: R
Ŕ R (accent) acute 0340 Ŕ {R'}
ŕ r (accent) acute 0341 ŕ {r'}
Ŗ R cedilla (hook at bottom) 0342 Ŗ {R,}
ŗ r cedilla (hook at bottom) 0343 ŗ {r,}
Ř R caron (upside down 'hat') 0344 Ř {Rv}
ř r caron (upside down 'hat') 0345 ř {rv}
Ȑ R double (accent) grave 0528 Ȑ {''R}
ȑ r double (accent) grave 0529 ȑ {''r}
Ȓ R inverted breve 0530 Ȓ {Rn}
ȓ r inverted breve 0531 ȓ {rn}
Ṛ R with dot below Ṛ {R.}
ṛ r with dot below ṛ {r.}
Ṟ R with line below Ṟ {R_}
ṟ r with line below ṟ {r_}
Letter Group: S
Ś S (accent) acute 0346 Ś {S'}
ś s (accent) acute 0347 ś {s'}
Ŝ S circumflex (hat over the 'S') 0348 Ŝ {S^}
ŝ s circumflex (hat over the 's') 0349 ŝ {s^}
Ş S cedilla (small hook at bottom) 0350 Ş {S,}
ş s cedilla (small hook at bottom) 0351 ş {s,}
Š S caron (upside down 'hat') 0352 Š {Sv}
š s caron (upside down 'hat') 0353 š {sv}
Ṣ S with dot below Ṣ {S.}
ṣ s with dot below ṣ {s.}
ß s-zed (German sharp s) 0233 ß {sz}
st st ligature st {st}
Letter Group: T
Þ Thorn (pronounced like 'th' in thorn) 0222 Þ {Th}
þ thorn (pronounced like 'th' in thorn) 0254 þ {th}
Ð Capital eth / edh (pronounced like 'th' in this) 0208 Ð {DH}
ð small eth / edh (pronounced like 'th' in this) 0240 ð {dh}
Ţ T cedilla (hook at the bottom) 0354 Ţ {T,}
ţ t cedilla (hook at the bottom) 0355 ţ {t,}
Ť T caron (upside down 'hat') 0356 Ť {Tv}
ť t caron (small upside down 'hat') 0357 ť {tv}
Ŧ T with stroke (line through it) 0358 Ŧ {T/}
ŧ t with stroke (line through it) 0359 ŧ {t/}
Ṭ T with dot below Ṭ {T.}
ṭ t with dot below ṭ {t.}
Ṯ T with line below Ṯ {T_}
ṯ t with line below ṯ {t_}
ẗ t with umlaut (diaeresis) ẗ {t:}
Letter Group: U
Ù U (accent) grave 0217 Ù {'U}
ù u (accent) grave 0249 ù {'u}
Ú U (accent) acute 0218 Ú {U'}
ú u (accent) acute 0250 ú {u'}
Û U circumflex (U with a 'hat') 0219 Û {U^}
û u circumflex (u with a 'hat') 0251 û {u^}
Ũ U with a tilde 0360 Ũ {U~}
ũ u with a tilde 0361 ũ {u~}
Ū U macron (line above the 'U') 0362 Ū {U-}
ū u macron (line above the 'u') 0363 ū {u-}
Ŭ U breve 0364 Ŭ {Uu}
ŭ u breve 0365 ŭ {uu}
Ů U ring (small circle above the U) 0366 Ů {Uo}
ů u ring (small circle above the u) 0367 ů {uo}
Ű U double (accent) acute 0368 Ű {U''}
ű u double (accent) acute 0369 ű {u''}
Ų U ogonek (small hook at bottom) 0370 Ų {U,}
ų u ogonek (small hook at bottom) 0371 ų {u,}
Ü U with an umlaut (diaresis) 0220 Ü {U:}
ü u with an umlaut (diaresis) 0252 ü {u:}
u with vertical line (most fonts won't display...)  {u!}
Ǔ U with caron (upside down 'hat') 0467 Ǔ {Uv}
ǔ u with caron (upside down 'hat') 0468 ǔ {uv}
Ȕ U double (accent) grave 0532 Ȕ {''U}
ȕ u double (double) grave 0533 ȕ {''u}
Ȗ U inverted breve 0534 Ȗ {Un}
ȗ u inverted breve 0535 ȗ {un}
Ụ U with dot below Ụ {U.}
ụ u with dot below ụ {u.}
Letter Group: V
Ṽ V with tilde Ṽ {V~}
ṽ v with tilde ṽ {v~}
Ṿ V with dot below Ṿ {V.}
ṿ v with dot below ṿ {v.}
Letter Group: W
Ŵ W with circumflex (W with a 'hat') 0372 Ŵ {W^}
ŵ w with circumflex (w with a 'hat') 0373 ŵ {w^}
ẘ w with ring ẘ {wo}
Ẁ W (accent) grave Ẁ {'W}
ẁ w (accent) grave ẁ {'w}
Ẃ W (accent) acute Ẃ {W'}
ẃ w (accent) acute ẃ {w'}
Ẅ W with umlaut (diaeresis) Ẅ {W:}
ẅ w with umlaut (diaeresis) ẅ {w:}
Ẉ W with dot below Ẉ {W.}
ẉ w with dot below ẉ {w.}
Ƿ Capital Wynn 0503 Ƿ {W}
ƿ Small Wynn 0447 ƿ {w}
ᚹ Runic Letter Wunjo Wynn W 5817 ᚹ {W}
Letter Group: X
Ẍ X with umlaut (diaeresis) Ẍ {X:}
ẍ x with umlaut (diaeresis) ẍ {x:}
Letter Group: Y
Ý Y (accent) acute 0221 Ý {Y'}
ý y (accent) acute 0253 ý {y'}
Ÿ Y with an umlaut (diareesis) 0376 Ÿ {Y:}
ÿ y with an umlaut (diareesis) 0255 ÿ {y:}
Ŷ Y circumflex (with a 'hat') 0374 Ŷ {Y^}
ŷ y circumflex (with a 'hat') 0375 ŷ {y^}
ẙ y with ring above it ẙ {yo}
Ỳ Y (accent) grave Ỳ {'Y}
ỳ y (accent) grave ỳ {'y}
Ỵ Y with dot below Ỵ {Y.}
ỵ y with dot below ỵ {y.}
Ỹ Y with tilde Ỹ {Y~}
ỹ y with tilde ỹ {y~}
Ȝ Capital yogh 0540 Ȝ {Gh}
ȝ small yogh 0541 ȝ {gh}
ȝ small yogh 0541 ȝ {3}
Letter Group: Z
Ź Z (accent) acute 0377 Ź {Z'}
ź z (accent) acute 0378 ź {z'}
Ž Z caron (upside down 'hat') 0381 Ž {Zv}
ž z caron (upside down 'hat') 0382 ž {zv}
Ẓ Z with dot below Ẓ {Z.}
ẓ z with dot below ẓ {z.}
Ƶ Z with stroke (line through it) 0437 Ƶ {Z/}
ƶ z with stroke (line through it) 0438 ƶ {z/}
Ʒ Capital EZH 0439 Ʒ {Zh}
ʒ Small ezh 0658 ʒ {zh}
Ẑ Z circumflex (Z with a 'hat') Ẑ {Z^}
ẑ z circumflex (z with a 'hat') ẑ {z^}
Ẕ Z with line below Ẕ {Z_}
ẕ z with line below ẕ {z_}
Ż Z with dot above Ż {.Z}
ż z with dot above ż {.z}
Letter Group: Greek
Φ Greek Capital Phi Φ {Ph}
φ Greek Small phi φ {ph}
Ψ Greek Capital Psi Ψ {Ps}
ψ Greek Small psi ψ {ps}
ρ Greek Small rho ρ {rh}
χ Greek Small chi χ {ch}

Some more descriptions:

The meanings of these various characters will vary from language to language, so it's impossible to explain what effect they might have on the pronunciation of a letter, without knowing the specific language being used. Not being a linguist, I've had to glean details from other sources for this document. -- Hirsch von Henford, Golem Herald